Hey fellas,
I used to post here years ago as "krept" but it seems the account may have gone by the wayside as a mod and thus axed when the switchover happened.
Since I posted, it was conversations just like this that caused me to learn about high level emergency management, then do what I can to improve things within my sphere of influence. Before I post, just a forewarning that I am going off of memory even though google is certainly available; these words shouldn't be seen as Truth
Based off of the Katrina model, FEMA and the CDC basically predict a 40% workforce attrition rate during the two peaks we expect in a novel pandemic. I'm taking a huge stab in the dark and trying to remember... I think they are anticipated to be 4-6 weeks long each, with a similar gap of 4-6 weeks between them. Thus, figure that things will be sketchy for about 3 months. I use that word because of my background in biology, pandemics are naturally my phobia.
Unlike your typical threats (human-induced) or hazards (natural or technological accidents), pandemics really do not impact our infrastructure, as in facilities, electric grid, etc. Pandemics represent an impact to personnel, hence the salient question of the thread about who will still be at their post.
While we have the hard infrastructure in place, we also have the administrative infrastructure in place in the form of planning. At the national level, it's part of NIMS and pandemics are envisioned in the NRFs - National Response Framework and National Recovery Framework, both of which are found on FEMA's website. In particular, I believe this situation would either be the Public Health Emergency Support Function (ESF) or in a pandemic-specific annex.
States tend to mirror the NRFs with their own versions; local governments like counties, cities and tribes tend to roll up with agreements for mutual aid ie EMACs. For pandemics, CDC disseminates to state health, who typically have county health take the lead, with state actors tending to serve more as a liaison.
The "plans" at the granular level (i.e. individual entities) are Continuity of Operations (COOP) for government and Business Continuity Plans (BCPs) for business. Continuity plans, like the NRFs, are "all-hazard" and again, pandemic is envisioned because it represents the Omega of an impact to personnel, whereas an "Alpha" (or beginning) of a continuity plan would be someone in leadership being sick (i.e. "who is the successor? what are the limits to his or her authority and for how long?" and so on).
Government entities as well as Critical Infrastructure (elec, gas, telecom, etc.) are *REQUIRED* to have COOPs or BCPs. Templates are online and readily accessible.
Now, specific to pandemics, each entity listed as having an either direct or support role in a given ESF will have their own internal plans, policies and procedures for what they do. Typically these will just be EOPs, emergency operating procedures, not unlike what they'd do day-to-day... they just do the same thing under different circumstances. This is why continuity planning is also known as contingency planning, i.e. "plan b."
In a nutshell, the plan is for government and business to continue to function as close to normal as possible. My point in all this is that there is a lot more organization than many would think.
Think of old-world voyages across the ocean and the anxiety of not knowing what's on the other side, if anything at all. We have been through pandemics and know there is a pattern and know there is light at the end of the tunnel, so to speak... i.e. it's not going to be the apocalypse
cheers,
Erik